Enfermedad de Whipple: revisión sistemática de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.966Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Whipple, Tropheryma, Revisión SistemáticaResumen
Introducción: La enfermedad de Whipple es una enfermedad crónica sistémica con predilección por el aparato digestivo, especialmente el intestino delgado. Fue descrita por vez primera en 1907 por George H. Whipple quien la denominó "lipodistrofia intestinal". Es causada por una bacteria grampositiva perteneciente a la familia de los Actinomycetaceae denominada Tropheryma whipplei.
Objetivos: Caracterizar a los pacientes con enfermedad de Whipple.
Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura, de los términos MeSH “enfermedad de whipple (whipple Disease) y/o (Tropheryma whipplei), en las bases de datos Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Scielo y Sciencedirect, Embase, Cochrane Library, BIREME, Proquest y Redalyc; se analizaron 123 artículos.
Resultados: Se analizaron 123 artículos publicados que correspondían a reportes y series de casos en los cuales se evidencio mayor prevalencia en varones (70,6%). La manifestación más frecuente fueron los síntomas articulares (61%), seguida de pérdida de peso (47,1%) y diarrea (43,4%). El método diagnóstico más fue la reacción en cadena polimerasa (PCR) (63,2%), seguida por la biopsia (50.7%); y por último examen anatomopatológico con gránulos PAS (47,8%). El manejo más empleado fue la antibioticoterapia con predominio de trimetoprim sulfametoxazol y ceftriaxona.
Conclusiones: La enfermedad de Whipple tiene una baja prevalencia, se presenta con mayor frecuencia en personas de raza blanca, afecta principalmente a los adultos mayores, además, tiene predilección por el sexo masculino y se caracteriza por ser una enfermedad crónica sistémica con predilección por el aparato digestivo, especialmente el intestino delgado.
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