Estimulación eléctrica del colon en pacientes con constipación

Autores/as

  • Edelberto Mulett Vásquez

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.40

Palabras clave:

Constipación, inercia colónica, estimulación eléctrica, colon, motilidad gastrointestinal, tránsito gastrointestinal

Resumen

Objetivo: presentar una visión general de los tratamientos actuales para el estreñimiento con técnicas basa- das en la estimulación eléctrica directa o indirecta del colon.

Fuente: la búsqueda se realiza en PubMed, Science Direct e ISI Web of Knowledge usando palabras clave: estimulación eléctrica del colon, estreñimiento. Se consideraron los estudios en humanos y los estudios experi- mentales cuyo objetivo era intervenir los patrones de motilidad del colon en niños y adultos con estas técnicas.

Principales conclusiones: el estreñimiento es parte de los trastornos de la motilidad gastrointestinal. Es una patología de etiología multifactorial, con grave impacto sobre la calidad de vida en los casos resistentes a la terapia convencional. La cirugía, que se utiliza en los casos más graves, no está exenta de complica- ciones y los resultados están lejos de curar a los enfermos. Algunos medicamentos han sido eficaces en la enfermedad leve, aunque en los casos graves no se ha demostrado su utilidad. Otras estrategias han sido desarrolladas e incluyen estimulación eléctrica del colon con diferentes metodologías, con el objetivo de aumentar la motilidad del órgano. Se hace una extensa revisión de la literatura disponible como punto de partida para enfocar los esfuerzos por realizar.

Conclusión: la estimulación eléctrica en pacientes con estreñimiento severo es una terapia prometedora para lograr, desde el punto de vista fisiológico, el restablecimiento de la función del colon, en busca de la menor invasión posible en este grupo de pacientes. 

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Lenguajes:

es

Biografía del autor/a

Edelberto Mulett Vásquez

Profesor asociado, Cirugía general, Cirujano general- Coloproctólogo. Estudiante, Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento Quirúrgico, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia. 

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Publicado

2016-11-03

Cómo citar

Mulett Vásquez E. (2016). Estimulación eléctrica del colon en pacientes con constipación. Revista Colombiana De Gastroenterología, 30(2), 199–204. https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.40

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